Imballaggio chimico per la raffinazione del petrolio

2025-06-27

Nelle operazioni delle unità chimiche come la distillazione, l'assorbimento e l'estrazione nelle imprese di raffinazione del petrolio, sono necessari imballaggi chimici con prestazioni specifiche per ottimizzare l'efficienza del trasferimento di massa e calore. Di seguito è riportata una descrizione dettagliata dei tipi di imballaggi chimici comunemente usati e dei loro requisiti tecnici:

I. Tipi di imballaggi chimici comunemente usati nella raffinazione del petrolio enterprises

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1. Anello ad anello packings

Raschig: struttura semplice, per lo più in ceramica, metalli o plastica. Originariamente utilizzato nelle torri di distillazione e assorbimento, ma con elevata resistenza e bassa efficienza. Attualmente, vengono gradualmente eliminati.

Pall Ring: due strati di fori rettangolari vengono aperti sulla parete dell'anello Raschig e le lame curve interne migliorano la distribuzione gas-liquido, riducendo la resistenza di circa il 50% e aumentando l'efficienza del 30%. I materiali metallici (come l'acciaio inossidabile) sono adatti per media ad alta temperatura, ad alta pressione e contenenti zolfo (come le unità di idrogenazione).

Mini anello a cascata: l'altezza è solo la metà del diametro, con un'estremità espansa, migliorando il contatto tra gli imballaggi e la distribuzione del liquido. L'efficienza di trasferimento di massa è dal 10% al 20% superiore a quella del Pall Ring, ed è spesso utilizzata nella sezione di distillazione iniziale delle torri di distillazione a pressione costante del petrolio greggio.

2. Sella a forma di sella packings

Arc (Berl Saddle): materiale ceramico, con una superficie curva. La distribuzione del liquido è più uniforme di quella degli imballaggi ad anello, ma è incline all'impilamento, con conseguente diminuzione dell'efficienza. Ora è meno simmetrico.1172774001981a Sella resistente al vuoto, per evitare il vuoto È adatto per torri di assorbimento (come torri di desolforazione) e il materiale ceramico è resistente ai mezzi acidi (come HS).

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Metal Intalox Ring (Metal Saddle): combina i vantaggi degli imballaggi a forma di anello e a forma di sella, ha un'elevata velocità di apertura, una grande portata e una bassa caduta di pressione. È adatto per la torre di frazionamento principale delle unità di cracking catalitico e per la gestione di miscele di petrolio e gas ad alto carico.


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3. L'imballaggio normale in plastica packings

Material è PP, PVC, ecc., Leggero, resistente alla corrosione a bassa temperatura, adatto per torri di desolforazione a temperatura normale (come il metodo etanolamina per la rimozione di HS), ma non resistente alle alte temperature (di solito 120 ℃). Sono meno utilizzati nella raffinazione del petrolio.


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